Immuno-Oncology

By harnessing insights from a patient’s immune system, immuno-oncology is transforming cancer care from the inside out—helping the body detect cancer, coordinate targeted responses, and strengthen its natural defenses.

Understanding Immuno-Oncology

At MCW, researchers are developing new ways to harness the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer. By uncovering how immune cells detect tumors—and how cancers evade those defenses—they are designing therapies that strengthen the body’s natural ability to fight disease.

One area of focus is advancing next-generation CAR T-cell therapy. While traditional CAR T-cell therapies target a single protein on cancer cells and have shown remarkable success in certain blood cancers, some tumors escape treatment by losing or altering that target. MCW investigators are developing dual-targeted CAR T therapies that recognize two distinct proteins simultaneously, helping prevent immune escape and improving the potential for durable responses.

MCW researchers are also tackling one of immunotherapy’s greatest challenges—treating solid tumors such as breast, lung, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. These tumors create environments that suppress the immune response and limit the effectiveness of current therapies. To overcome these barriers, investigators are developing strategies to improve immune cell trafficking and persistence within tumors while reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to support—rather than suppress—an effective immune response.

Together, these efforts are helping expand the reach of cancer immunotherapy. By overcoming the barriers that limit today’s treatments, MCW researchers are working to make immunotherapy effective for more patients and more types of cancer.

Photographic representation of CAR T

On-Site CAR T-Cell Production

At the MCW Cancer Center, CAR T-cell therapy is brought closer to the patient through on-site cell production—an approach that makes highly personalized, immune-based treatment part of the immediate care environment. A patient’s own immune cells are collected, reprogrammed in the laboratory to better recognize and attack cancer, and returned for infusion without delays. By reducing the time from collection to infusion, patients receive their engineered cells at a point when they are best positioned to respond.